manchester.ac.uk Website Information
Daily Unique Visits: 1,084,602
Daily Page Views: 8,676,816
Income Per Day: $8,677
Estimated Value: $9,371,160
This website is located in United Kingdom and is using following IP address 130.88.101.59. See the complete list of popular websites hosted in United Kingdom.
manchester.ac.uk is registered under .UK top-level domain. Please check other sites in .UK zone.
Website manchester.ac.uk is using the following name servers:
- curlew.cs.man.ac.uk
- utserv.mcc.ac.uk
- gannet.scg.man.ac.uk
- ns4.ja.net
and is probably hosted by Jisc Services Limited. See the full list of other websites hosted by Jisc Services Limited.
The highest website manchester.ac.uk position in Alexa rank database was 1372 and the lowest rank position was 1474. Current position of manchester.ac.uk in Alexa rank database is 1405.
Desktop speed score of manchester.ac.uk (80/100) is better than the results of 69.89% of other sites and shows that the page is performing great on desktop computers.
Mobile usability score of manchester.ac.uk (100/100) is better than the results of 100% of other sites and means that the page is mobile-friendly.
Mobile speed score of manchester.ac.uk (53/100) is better than the results of 39.51% of other sites and shows that the landing page performance on mobile devices is poor and can be improved.
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manchester.ac.uk Alexa Rank
The traffic rank is based on three months of aggregated historical traffic data from millions of Alexa Toolbar users and is a combined measure of page views and users.
manchester.ac.uk whois
WHOIS gives you the ability to lookup any generic domains to find out the registered domain holder. WHOIS database are provided for information purposes only. It allows the public to check whether a specific domain name is still available or not and to obtain information related to the registration records of existing domain names.
Domain name:
ac.uk
Registrant:
The JNT Association
Registrant type:
Other
Registrant's address:
Lumen House
Library Avenue
Harwell
Didcot
OX11 OSG
GB
Registrar:
No registrar listed. This domain is directly registered with Nominet.
Relevant dates:
Registered on: before Aug-1996
Registration status:
No registration status listed.
Name servers:
ns0.ja.net.
ns2.ja.net.
ns3.ja.net.
ns4.ja.net.
auth03.ns.uu.net.
ns1.surfnet.nl.
dns-3.dfn.de.
WHOIS lookup made at 22:06:28 10-Sep-2024
--
This WHOIS information is provided for free by Nominet UK the central registry
for .uk domain names. This information and the .uk WHOIS are:
Copyright Nominet UK 1996 - 2024.
You may not access the .uk WHOIS or use any data from it except as permitted
by the terms of use available in full at https://www.nominet.uk/whoisterms,
which includes restrictions on: (A) use of the data for advertising, or its
repackaging, recompilation, redistribution or reuse (B) obscuring, removing
or hiding any or all of this notice and (C) exceeding query rate or volume
limits. The data is provided on an 'as-is' basis and may lag behind the
register. Access may be withdrawn or restricted at any time.
ac.uk
Registrant:
The JNT Association
Registrant type:
Other
Registrant's address:
Lumen House
Library Avenue
Harwell
Didcot
OX11 OSG
GB
Registrar:
No registrar listed. This domain is directly registered with Nominet.
Relevant dates:
Registered on: before Aug-1996
Registration status:
No registration status listed.
Name servers:
ns0.ja.net.
ns2.ja.net.
ns3.ja.net.
ns4.ja.net.
auth03.ns.uu.net.
ns1.surfnet.nl.
dns-3.dfn.de.
WHOIS lookup made at 22:06:28 10-Sep-2024
--
This WHOIS information is provided for free by Nominet UK the central registry
for .uk domain names. This information and the .uk WHOIS are:
Copyright Nominet UK 1996 - 2024.
You may not access the .uk WHOIS or use any data from it except as permitted
by the terms of use available in full at https://www.nominet.uk/whoisterms,
which includes restrictions on: (A) use of the data for advertising, or its
repackaging, recompilation, redistribution or reuse (B) obscuring, removing
or hiding any or all of this notice and (C) exceeding query rate or volume
limits. The data is provided on an 'as-is' basis and may lag behind the
register. Access may be withdrawn or restricted at any time.
manchester.ac.uk server information
Servers Location
manchester.ac.uk desktop page speed rank
Last tested: 2016-07-10
Desktop Speed
Medium
80/100
manchester.ac.uk Desktop Speed Test Quick Summary
priority - 13Leverage browser caching
Setting an expiry date or a maximum age in the HTTP headers for static resources instructs the browser to load previously downloaded resources from local disk rather than over the network.
Leverage browser caching for the following cacheable resources:
http://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/css/awards.css (expiration not specified)
http://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/css/formImages/clear.png (expiration not specified)
http://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/css/global15.css (expiration not specified)
http://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/css/modifications6.css (expiration not specified)
http://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/images/design/bkgnd-search.gif (expiration not specified)
http://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/images/de…icon-carousel-left.png (expiration not specified)
http://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/images/de…con-carousel-right.png (expiration not specified)
http://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/images/de…/icon-events-large.png (expiration not specified)
http://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/images/de…con-heritage-large.png (expiration not specified)
http://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/images/de…n-home-25px-949699.png (expiration not specified)
http://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/images/design/icon-map-large.png (expiration not specified)
http://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/images/design/icon-menu-white.png (expiration not specified)
http://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/images/design/icon-menu.gif (expiration not specified)
http://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/images/de…on-moreArrow-right.png (expiration not specified)
http://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/images/de…icon-search-mobile.png (expiration not specified)
http://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/images/de…sity-of-manchester.png (expiration not specified)
http://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/images/de…row-down-open-grey.png (expiration not specified)
http://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/js/global16.js (expiration not specified)
http://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/js/iscroll.js (expiration not specified)
http://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/js/libs/global-plugins2.js (expiration not specified)
http://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/js/libs/jquery-1.11.0.min.js (expiration not specified)
http://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/js/libs/j…i-1.10.4.custom.min.js (expiration not specified)
http://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/js/libs/modernizr.custom.93099.js (expiration not specified)
http://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/js/mobile-menu-breadcrumbs.js (expiration not specified)
http://www.manchester.ac.uk/grad-banner-0716-family.jpg (expiration not specified)
http://www.google-analytics.com/plugins/ua/linkid.js (60 minutes)
http://www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js (2 hours)
http://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/css/formImages/clear.png (expiration not specified)
http://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/css/global15.css (expiration not specified)
http://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/css/modifications6.css (expiration not specified)
http://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/images/design/bkgnd-search.gif (expiration not specified)
http://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/images/de…icon-carousel-left.png (expiration not specified)
http://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/images/de…con-carousel-right.png (expiration not specified)
http://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/images/de…/icon-events-large.png (expiration not specified)
http://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/images/de…con-heritage-large.png (expiration not specified)
http://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/images/de…n-home-25px-949699.png (expiration not specified)
http://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/images/design/icon-map-large.png (expiration not specified)
http://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/images/design/icon-menu-white.png (expiration not specified)
http://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/images/design/icon-menu.gif (expiration not specified)
http://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/images/de…on-moreArrow-right.png (expiration not specified)
http://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/images/de…icon-search-mobile.png (expiration not specified)
http://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/images/de…sity-of-manchester.png (expiration not specified)
http://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/images/de…row-down-open-grey.png (expiration not specified)
http://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/js/global16.js (expiration not specified)
http://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/js/iscroll.js (expiration not specified)
http://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/js/libs/global-plugins2.js (expiration not specified)
http://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/js/libs/jquery-1.11.0.min.js (expiration not specified)
http://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/js/libs/j…i-1.10.4.custom.min.js (expiration not specified)
http://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/js/libs/modernizr.custom.93099.js (expiration not specified)
http://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/js/mobile-menu-breadcrumbs.js (expiration not specified)
http://www.manchester.ac.uk/grad-banner-0716-family.jpg (expiration not specified)
http://www.google-analytics.com/plugins/ua/linkid.js (60 minutes)
http://www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js (2 hours)
priority - 8Eliminate render-blocking JavaScript and CSS in above-the-fold content
Your page has 1 blocking script resources and 4 blocking CSS resources. This causes a delay in rendering your page.
Remove render-blocking JavaScript:
http://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/js/libs/modernizr.custom.93099.js
Optimize CSS Delivery of the following:
http://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/css/global15.css
http://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/css/modifications6.css
http://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/css/awards.css
http://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans:400,300,600
http://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/css/modifications6.css
http://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/css/awards.css
http://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans:400,300,600
priority - 1Minify JavaScript
Compacting JavaScript code can save many bytes of data and speed up downloading, parsing, and execution time.
Minify JavaScript for the following resources to reduce their size by 6.2KiB (41% reduction).
Minifying http://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/js/global16.js could save 4.7KiB (38% reduction) after compression.
Minifying http://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/js/mobile-menu-breadcrumbs.js could save 1.5KiB (56% reduction) after compression.
Minifying http://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/js/mobile-menu-breadcrumbs.js could save 1.5KiB (56% reduction) after compression.
priority - 1Optimize images
Properly formatting and compressing images can save many bytes of data.
Optimize the following images to reduce their size by 4.6KiB (47% reduction).
Losslessly compressing http://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/images/de…con-heritage-large.png could save 2.9KiB (37% reduction).
Losslessly compressing http://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/images/de…row-down-open-grey.png could save 974B (76% reduction).
Losslessly compressing http://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/images/design/icon-menu-white.png could save 844B (88% reduction).
Losslessly compressing http://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/images/de…row-down-open-grey.png could save 974B (76% reduction).
Losslessly compressing http://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/images/design/icon-menu-white.png could save 844B (88% reduction).
priority - 1Minify CSS
Compacting CSS code can save many bytes of data and speed up download and parse times.
Minify CSS for the following resources to reduce their size by 5.2KiB (30% reduction).
Minifying http://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/css/global15.css could save 5.2KiB (30% reduction) after compression.
manchester.ac.uk Desktop Resource Breakdown
| Total Resources | 36 |
| Number of Hosts | 6 |
| Static Resources | 28 |
| JavaScript Resources | 9 |
| CSS Resources | 4 |
manchester.ac.uk mobile page speed rank
Last tested: 2019-12-04
Mobile Speed
Bad
53/100
manchester.ac.uk Mobile Speed Test Quick Summary
priority - 40Eliminate render-blocking JavaScript and CSS in above-the-fold content
Your page has 6 blocking script resources and 2 blocking CSS resources. This causes a delay in rendering your page.
Remove render-blocking JavaScript:
https://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/js/libs/…modernizr-2.7.0.min.js
https://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/js/libs/jquery-1.11.0.min.js
https://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/js/iscroll.js
https://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/js/libs/global-plugins2.js
https://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/js/global36.js
https://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/js/mobile-menus-01.js
https://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/js/libs/jquery-1.11.0.min.js
https://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/js/iscroll.js
https://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/js/libs/global-plugins2.js
https://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/js/global36.js
https://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/js/mobile-menus-01.js
Optimize CSS Delivery of the following:
https://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/css/main-14.min.css
https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans:300,400,600,700
https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans:300,400,600,700
priority - 26Avoid landing page redirects
Your page has 2 redirects. Redirects introduce additional delays before the page can be loaded.
Avoid landing page redirects for the following chain of redirected URLs.
http://manchester.ac.uk/
http://www.manchester.ac.uk/
https://www.manchester.ac.uk/
http://www.manchester.ac.uk/
https://www.manchester.ac.uk/
priority - 22Leverage browser caching
Setting an expiry date or a maximum age in the HTTP headers for static resources instructs the browser to load previously downloaded resources from local disk rather than over the network.
Leverage browser caching for the following cacheable resources:
https://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/css/formImages/clear.png (expiration not specified)
https://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/css/main-14.min.css (expiration not specified)
https://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/images/design/icon-close.svg (expiration not specified)
https://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/images/d…/icon-events-large.png (expiration not specified)
https://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/images/d…con-heritage-large.png (expiration not specified)
https://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/images/design/icon-map-large.png (expiration not specified)
https://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/images/design/icon-menu-white.png (expiration not specified)
https://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/images/design/icon-menu.gif (expiration not specified)
https://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/images/d…on-moreArrow-right.png (expiration not specified)
https://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/images/d…icon-search-mobile.png (expiration not specified)
https://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/images/d…sity-of-manchester.png (expiration not specified)
https://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/images/d…row-down-open-grey.png (expiration not specified)
https://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/js/global36.js (expiration not specified)
https://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/js/iscroll.js (expiration not specified)
https://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/js/libs/global-plugins2.js (expiration not specified)
https://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/js/libs/jquery-1.11.0.min.js (expiration not specified)
https://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/js/libs/…i-1.10.4.custom.min.js (expiration not specified)
https://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/js/libs/…modernizr-2.7.0.min.js (expiration not specified)
https://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/js/mobile-menus-01.js (expiration not specified)
https://www.manchester.ac.uk/manchester-live-webin…ion-021219-700x225.jpg (expiration not specified)
https://static.hotjar.com/c/hotjar-1511907.js?sv=6 (60 seconds)
https://content.jwplatform.com/libraries/oCVSW4JO.js (2.5 minutes)
https://www.google-analytics.com/gtm/js?id=GTM-TWL…d=391119787.1575484498 (15 minutes)
https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=GTM-KV4Z2SJ (15 minutes)
https://connect.facebook.net/en_US/fbevents.js (20 minutes)
https://connect.facebook.net/signals/config/316480…9824?v=2.9.14&r=stable (20 minutes)
https://bat.bing.com/bat.js (30 minutes)
https://www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js (2 hours)
https://snap.licdn.com/li.lms-analytics/insight.min.js (3.2 hours)
https://d2oh4tlt9mrke9.cloudfront.net/Record/js/sessioncam.recorder.js (4 hours)
https://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/css/main-14.min.css (expiration not specified)
https://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/images/design/icon-close.svg (expiration not specified)
https://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/images/d…/icon-events-large.png (expiration not specified)
https://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/images/d…con-heritage-large.png (expiration not specified)
https://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/images/design/icon-map-large.png (expiration not specified)
https://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/images/design/icon-menu-white.png (expiration not specified)
https://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/images/design/icon-menu.gif (expiration not specified)
https://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/images/d…on-moreArrow-right.png (expiration not specified)
https://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/images/d…icon-search-mobile.png (expiration not specified)
https://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/images/d…sity-of-manchester.png (expiration not specified)
https://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/images/d…row-down-open-grey.png (expiration not specified)
https://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/js/global36.js (expiration not specified)
https://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/js/iscroll.js (expiration not specified)
https://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/js/libs/global-plugins2.js (expiration not specified)
https://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/js/libs/jquery-1.11.0.min.js (expiration not specified)
https://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/js/libs/…i-1.10.4.custom.min.js (expiration not specified)
https://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/js/libs/…modernizr-2.7.0.min.js (expiration not specified)
https://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/js/mobile-menus-01.js (expiration not specified)
https://www.manchester.ac.uk/manchester-live-webin…ion-021219-700x225.jpg (expiration not specified)
https://static.hotjar.com/c/hotjar-1511907.js?sv=6 (60 seconds)
https://content.jwplatform.com/libraries/oCVSW4JO.js (2.5 minutes)
https://www.google-analytics.com/gtm/js?id=GTM-TWL…d=391119787.1575484498 (15 minutes)
https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=GTM-KV4Z2SJ (15 minutes)
https://connect.facebook.net/en_US/fbevents.js (20 minutes)
https://connect.facebook.net/signals/config/316480…9824?v=2.9.14&r=stable (20 minutes)
https://bat.bing.com/bat.js (30 minutes)
https://www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js (2 hours)
https://snap.licdn.com/li.lms-analytics/insight.min.js (3.2 hours)
https://d2oh4tlt9mrke9.cloudfront.net/Record/js/sessioncam.recorder.js (4 hours)
priority - 8Prioritize visible content
Your page requires additional network round trips to render the above-the-fold content. For best performance, reduce the amount of HTML needed to render above-the-fold content.
The entire HTML response was not sufficient to render the above-the-fold content. This usually indicates that additional resources, loaded after HTML parsing, were required to render above-the-fold content. Prioritize visible content that is needed for rendering above-the-fold by including it directly in the HTML response.
Only about 48% of the final above-the-fold content could be rendered with the full HTML response.
Click to see the screenshot with only the HTML response:
priority - 1Minify JavaScript
Compacting JavaScript code can save many bytes of data and speed up downloading, parsing, and execution time.
Minify JavaScript for the following resources to reduce their size by 5.7KiB (37% reduction).
Minifying https://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/js/global36.js could save 4.8KiB (36% reduction) after compression.
Minifying https://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/js/mobile-menus-01.js could save 860B (39% reduction) after compression.
Minifying https://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/js/mobile-menus-01.js could save 860B (39% reduction) after compression.
priority - 0Optimize images
Properly formatting and compressing images can save many bytes of data.
Optimize the following images to reduce their size by 4.9KiB (46% reduction).
Compressing https://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/images/d…con-heritage-large.png could save 2.9KiB (37% reduction).
Compressing https://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/images/d…row-down-open-grey.png could save 1KiB (81% reduction).
Compressing https://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/images/design/icon-menu-white.png could save 852B (89% reduction).
Compressing https://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/images/d…icon-search-mobile.png could save 174B (26% reduction).
Compressing https://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/images/d…row-down-open-grey.png could save 1KiB (81% reduction).
Compressing https://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/images/design/icon-menu-white.png could save 852B (89% reduction).
Compressing https://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/images/d…icon-search-mobile.png could save 174B (26% reduction).
priority - 0Enable compression
Compressing resources with gzip or deflate can reduce the number of bytes sent over the network.
Enable compression for the following resources to reduce their transfer size by 143B (38% reduction).
Compressing https://assets.manchester.ac.uk/corporate/images/design/icon-close.svg could save 143B (38% reduction).
manchester.ac.uk Mobile Resource Breakdown
| Total Resources | 54 |
| Number of Hosts | 20 |
| Static Resources | 31 |
| JavaScript Resources | 18 |
| CSS Resources | 2 |
manchester.ac.uk mobile page usability
Last tested: 2019-12-04
Mobile Usability
Good
100/100
manchester.ac.uk HTML validation
Errors
A document must not include more than one “meta” element with its “name” attribute set to the value “description”.
Line: 13 Column: 3 - 242
"...ty." /> <meta class="swiftype" name="description" data-type="text" content="Part of the prestigious Russell Group of universities, The University of Manchester is the largest single-site university in the UK, with the biggest student community." /><meta ..."
"...ty." /> <meta class="swiftype" name="description" data-type="text" content="Part of the prestigious Russell Group of universities, The University of Manchester is the largest single-site university in the UK, with the biggest student community." /><meta ..."
Bad value “openorg” for attribute “rel” on element “link”: The string “openorg” is not a registered keyword.
Line: 65 Column: 3 - 92
"...uk/" /> <link rel="openorg" href="http://app.manchester.ac.uk/data/organisation/manchester.ttl" /> <t..."
"...uk/" /> <link rel="openorg" href="http://app.manchester.ac.uk/data/organisation/manchester.ttl" /> <t..."
Warnings
The “region” role is unnecessary for element “section”.
Line: 380 Column: 5 - 82
".../h1> <section class="noColLayoutContainer" role="region" aria-label="Main content"> ..."
".../h1> <section class="noColLayoutContainer" role="region" aria-label="Main content"> ..."
The “type” attribute is unnecessary for JavaScript resources.
Line: 996 Column: 1 - 31
".../script> <script type="text/javascript"> /*<![..." Line: 1005 Column: 1 - 31
"...</script> <script type="text/javascript"> ..." Line: 1009 Column: 10 - 40
"... </script><script type="text/javascript"> (func..." Line: 1057 Column: 1 - 31
"...ript> --> <script type="text/javascript"> va..."
".../script> <script type="text/javascript"> /*<![..." Line: 1005 Column: 1 - 31
"...</script> <script type="text/javascript"> ..." Line: 1009 Column: 10 - 40
"... </script><script type="text/javascript"> (func..." Line: 1057 Column: 1 - 31
"...ript> --> <script type="text/javascript"> va..."
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manchester.ac.uk Ping
Ping is a computer network administration software utility used to test the reachability of a host on an Internet Protocol (IP) network. It measures the round-trip time for messages sent from the originating host to a destination computer that are echoed back to the source.
manchester.ac.uk TRACEROUTE
Traceroute is a computer network diagnostic tool for displaying the route (path) and measuring transit delays of packets across an Internet Protocol (IP) network. The history of the route is recorded as the round-trip times of the packets received from each successive host (remote node) in the route (path); the sum of the mean times in each hop is a measure of the total time spent to establish the connection. Traceroute proceeds unless all (three) sent packets are lost more than twice, then the connection is lost and the route cannot be evaluated.