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CENGAGE.COM Digital Learning & Online Textbooks – Cengage

cengage.com Website Information

Daily Unique Visits: 225,457

Daily Page Views: 1,803,656

Income Per Day: $1,804

Estimated Value: $1,948,320

This website is located in United States and is using following IP address 69.32.208.75. See the complete list of popular websites hosted in United States.

cengage.com is registered under .COM top-level domain. Please check other sites in .COM zone.

Website cengage.com is using the following name servers:

  • a1-49.akam.net
  • a6-67.akam.net
  • a14-65.akam.net
  • a13-64.akam.net
  • a9-64.akam.net
  • a20-66.akam.net

and is probably hosted by CENGAGE-OHCIN - Cengage Learning Inc, US. See the full list of other websites hosted by CENGAGE-OHCIN - Cengage Learning Inc, US.

The highest website cengage.com position in Alexa rank database was 6514 and the lowest rank position was 6945. Current position of cengage.com in Alexa rank database is 6759.

Desktop speed score of cengage.com (57/100) is better than the results of 31.79% of other sites and shows that the page desktop performance can be improved.

Mobile usability score of cengage.com (99/100) is better than the results of 79.46% of other sites and means that the page is mobile-friendly.

Mobile speed score of cengage.com (44/100) is better than the results of 24.22% of other sites and shows that the landing page performance on mobile devices is poor and can be improved.

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cengage.com Alexa Rank

The traffic rank is based on three months of aggregated historical traffic data from millions of Alexa Toolbar users and is a combined measure of page views and users.

cengage.com whois

WHOIS gives you the ability to lookup any generic domains to find out the registered domain holder. WHOIS database are provided for information purposes only. It allows the public to check whether a specific domain name is still available or not and to obtain information related to the registration records of existing domain names.

Domain Name: CENGAGE.COM
Registry Domain ID: 1030636655_DOMAIN_COM-VRSN
Registrar WHOIS Server: whois.rrpproxy.net
Registrar URL: http://www.key-systems.net
Updated Date: 2024-05-02T14:53:57Z
Creation Date: 2007-06-15T17:06:55Z
Registry Expiry Date: 2025-06-15T17:06:55Z
Registrar: Key-Systems GmbH
Registrar IANA ID: 269
Registrar Abuse Contact Email: abuse@key-systems.net
Registrar Abuse Contact Phone: +49.68949396850
Domain Status: clientDeleteProhibited https://icann.org/epp#clientDeleteProhibited
Domain Status: clientTransferProhibited https://icann.org/epp#clientTransferProhibited
Name Server: A1-49.AKAM.NET
Name Server: A13-64.AKAM.NET
Name Server: A14-65.AKAM.NET
Name Server: A20-66.AKAM.NET
Name Server: A6-67.AKAM.NET
Name Server: A9-64.AKAM.NET
DNSSEC: unsigned
URL of the ICANN Whois Inaccuracy Complaint Form: https://www.icann.org/wicf/
>>> Last update of whois database: 2024-09-09T12:05:27Z

cengage.com server information

Servers Location

cengage.com desktop page speed rank

Last tested: 2019-12-02

Desktop Speed Bad
57/100

cengage.com Desktop Speed Test Quick Summary


priority - 42Optimize images

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priority - 14Leverage browser caching

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priority - 14Eliminate render-blocking JavaScript and CSS in above-the-fold content

Your page has 5 blocking script resources and 10 blocking CSS resources. This causes a delay in rendering your page.

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priority - 7Avoid landing page redirects

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priority - 2Reduce server response time

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priority - 0Enable compression

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priority - 0Minify HTML

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priority - 0Minify JavaScript

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cengage.com Desktop Resource Breakdown

Total Resources135
Number of Hosts67
Static Resources47
JavaScript Resources26
CSS Resources7

cengage.com mobile page speed rank

Last tested: 2019-12-02

Mobile Speed Bad
44/100

cengage.com Mobile Speed Test Quick Summary


priority - 56Eliminate render-blocking JavaScript and CSS in above-the-fold content

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https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans:300,400,600,700
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priority - 32Optimize images

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priority - 26Avoid landing page redirects

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priority - 22Leverage browser caching

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priority - 3Reduce server response time

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priority - 0Enable compression

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priority - 0Minify HTML

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priority - 0Minify JavaScript

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cengage.com Mobile Resource Breakdown

Total Resources153
Number of Hosts73
Static Resources48
JavaScript Resources26
CSS Resources7

cengage.com mobile page usability

Last tested: 2019-12-02

Mobile Usability Good
99/100

cengage.com Mobile Usability Test Quick Summary


priority - 0Size tap targets appropriately

Some of the links/buttons on your webpage may be too small for a user to easily tap on a touchscreen. Consider making these tap targets larger to provide a better user experience.

The following tap targets are close to other nearby tap targets and may need additional spacing around them.

The tap target <li class="ceng-headerUti…is-mobileOnly">Search Catalog</li> and 1 others are close to other tap targets.

cengage.com HTML validation

Errors

Missing space before doctype name.

Line: 5 Column: - 10
"... <!doctype> <html class="..."

Nameless doctype.

Line: 5 Column: - 10
"... <!doctype> <html class="..."

Quirky doctype. Expected “<!DOCTYPE html>”.

Line: 5 Column: 1 - 10
"... <!doctype> <html..."

Attribute “ng-app” not allowed on element “html” at this point.

Line: 6 Column: 11 - 47
"...<!doctype> <html class="mod_no-js" lang="en" ng-app="app"> <head..."

A “link” element with an “as” attribute must have a “rel” attribute that contains the value “preload”.

Line: 131 Column: 1 - 118
"...out ] --> <link as="style" rel="prefetch" href="/webfiles/1596710061154/cengage/common/css/components/promos/promos-inset.css"/> <link..." Line: 132 Column: 1 - 137
"...et.css"/> <link as="style" importance="low" rel="prefetch" href="/webfiles/1596710061154/cengage/common/css/components/heading/heading-inset.css"/> <link..." Line: 133 Column: 1 - 118
"...et.css"/> <link as="style" rel="prefetch" href="/webfiles/1596710061154/cengage/common/css/components/htmlBlock/htmlBlock.css"/> <..." Line: 154 Column: 1 - 142
"...yout] --> <link as="image" importance="high" rel="prefetch" href="https://www.cengage.com/binaries/content/gallery/cengage-us-en/svg/logo-cengage.svg"/> <link..." Line: 155 Column: 1 - 154
"...ge.svg"/> <link as="image" rel="prefetch" href="https://embed.widencdn.net/img/cengage/bugtyagv3l/600px@1x/webpromo-home--212576-student-ambassador.psd.png?q=100"/> <link..." Line: 156 Column: 1 - 136
"...?q=100"/> <link as="image" rel="prefetch" href="https://embed.widencdn.net/img/cengage/4vnmmtw72t/600px@1x/webicon-students-fc4c02.ai.jpg?q=100"/> <link..." Line: 157 Column: 1 - 135
"...?q=100"/> <link as="image" rel="prefetch" href="https://embed.widencdn.net/img/cengage/elobrm2ojr/600px@1x/webicon-mindset-fc4c02.ai.png?q=100"/> <link..." Line: 158 Column: 1 - 130
"...?q=100"/> <link as="image" rel="prefetch" href="https://embed.widencdn.net/img/cengage/kylxcsymlw/600px@1x/webicon-7k-fc4c02.ai.png?q=100"/> <link..." Line: 159 Column: 1 - 135
"...?q=100"/> <link as="image" rel="prefetch" href="https://embed.widencdn.net/img/cengage/cawz7rvcsu/600px@1x/webicon-training-blue3.ai.png?q=100"/> <link..." Line: 160 Column: 1 - 135
"...?q=100"/> <link as="image" rel="prefetch" href="https://embed.widencdn.net/img/cengage/pqtcime6gc/600px@1x/webicon-megaphone-blue3.ai.png?q=80"/> <..." Line: 860 Column: 5 - 158
"... <link rel="stylesheet" href="/webfiles/1596710061154/cengage/common/css/components/heading/heading-inset.css" as="style" importance="low" loading="lazy"/> ..." Line: 893 Column: 5 - 141
"...-> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/webfiles/1596710061154/cengage/common/css/components/promos/promos-inset.css" as="style" importance="low"/> <di..." Line: 1096 Column: 5 - 141
"...-> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/webfiles/1596710061154/cengage/common/css/components/promos/promos-inset.css" as="style" importance="low"/> <di..." Line: 1235 Column: 5 - 158
"... <link rel="stylesheet" href="/webfiles/1596710061154/cengage/common/css/components/heading/heading-inset.css" as="style" importance="low" loading="lazy"/> ..." Line: 1264 Column: 5 - 141
"...-> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/webfiles/1596710061154/cengage/common/css/components/promos/promos-inset.css" as="style" importance="low"/> <di..." Line: 1454 Column: 5 - 158
"... <link rel="stylesheet" href="/webfiles/1596710061154/cengage/common/css/components/heading/heading-inset.css" as="style" importance="low" loading="lazy"/> ..." Line: 1483 Column: 5 - 141
"...-> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/webfiles/1596710061154/cengage/common/css/components/promos/promos-inset.css" as="style" importance="low"/> <di..." Line: 1557 Column: 5 - 141
"...-> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/webfiles/1596710061154/cengage/common/css/components/promos/promos-inset.css" as="style" importance="low"/> <di..."

Attribute “importance” not allowed on element “link” at this point.

Line: 132 Column: 1 - 137
"...et.css"/> <link as="style" importance="low" rel="prefetch" href="/webfiles/1596710061154/cengage/common/css/components/heading/heading-inset.css"/> <link..." Line: 138 Column: 1 - 149
"...ad ] ---> <link rel="preload" as="fetch" importance="high" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans:300,400,600,700&display=swap" crossorigin/> <!-- S..." Line: 140 Column: 1 - 161
"...ummer --> <link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff" importance="low" href="/webfiles/1596710061154/cengage/common/fonts/summer/Summer-Font-Regular.woff" crossorigin/> <link..." Line: 141 Column: 1 - 168
"...sorigin/> <link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff" importance="low" href="/webfiles/1596710061154/cengage/common/fonts/summer/Summer-Font-Regular-Italic.woff" crossorigin/> <link..." Line: 142 Column: 1 - 158
"...sorigin/> <link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff" importance="low" href="/webfiles/1596710061154/cengage/common/fonts/summer/Summer-Font-Bold.woff" crossorigin/> <link..." Line: 143 Column: 1 - 165
"...sorigin/> <link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff" importance="low" href="/webfiles/1596710061154/cengage/common/fonts/summer/Summer-Font-Bold-Italic.woff" crossorigin/> <link..." Line: 144 Column: 1 - 159
"...sorigin/> <link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff" importance="low" href="/webfiles/1596710061154/cengage/common/fonts/summer/Summer-Font-Light.woff" crossorigin/> <link..." Line: 145 Column: 1 - 166
"...sorigin/> <link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff" importance="low" href="/webfiles/1596710061154/cengage/common/fonts/summer/Summer-Font-Light-Italic.woff" crossorigin/> <!-- ..." Line: 147 Column: 1 - 178
"...othic --> <link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" importance="low" href="/webfiles/1596710061154/cengage/common/fonts/trade-gothic/TradeGothicLT-BoldCondTwenty.woff2" crossorigin/> <link..." Line: 148 Column: 1 - 184
"...sorigin/> <link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" importance="low" href="/webfiles/1596710061154/cengage/common/fonts/trade-gothic/TradeGothicLT-BoldCondTwentyItalic.woff2" crossorigin/> <!-- ..." Line: 150 Column: 1 - 169
"...esome --> <link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" importance="low" href="/webfiles/1596710061154/cengage/common/fonts/font-awesome/fontawesome-webfont.woff2" crossorigin/> <!-- ..." Line: 154 Column: 1 - 142
"...yout] --> <link as="image" importance="high" rel="prefetch" href="https://www.cengage.com/binaries/content/gallery/cengage-us-en/svg/logo-cengage.svg"/> <link..." Line: 172 Column: 5 - 121
"...s" /> <link rel="stylesheet" title="Font" href="/webfiles/1596710061154/fonts/css/font-awesome.min.css" importance="low" /> <..." Line: 643 Column: 1 - 126
"... <link rel="stylesheet" href="/webfiles/1596710061154/cengage/common/css/components/htmlBlock/htmlBlock.css" importance="low"/> <..." Line: 860 Column: 5 - 158
"... <link rel="stylesheet" href="/webfiles/1596710061154/cengage/common/css/components/heading/heading-inset.css" as="style" importance="low" loading="lazy"/> ..." Line: 893 Column: 5 - 141
"...-> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/webfiles/1596710061154/cengage/common/css/components/promos/promos-inset.css" as="style" importance="low"/> <di..." Line: 1096 Column: 5 - 141
"...-> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/webfiles/1596710061154/cengage/common/css/components/promos/promos-inset.css" as="style" importance="low"/> <di..." Line: 1223 Column: 1 - 126
"... <link rel="stylesheet" href="/webfiles/1596710061154/cengage/common/css/components/htmlBlock/htmlBlock.css" importance="low"/> <..." Line: 1235 Column: 5 - 158
"... <link rel="stylesheet" href="/webfiles/1596710061154/cengage/common/css/components/heading/heading-inset.css" as="style" importance="low" loading="lazy"/> ..." Line: 1264 Column: 5 - 141
"...-> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/webfiles/1596710061154/cengage/common/css/components/promos/promos-inset.css" as="style" importance="low"/> <di..." Line: 1442 Column: 1 - 126
"... <link rel="stylesheet" href="/webfiles/1596710061154/cengage/common/css/components/htmlBlock/htmlBlock.css" importance="low"/> <..." Line: 1454 Column: 5 - 158
"... <link rel="stylesheet" href="/webfiles/1596710061154/cengage/common/css/components/heading/heading-inset.css" as="style" importance="low" loading="lazy"/> ..." Line: 1483 Column: 5 - 141
"...-> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/webfiles/1596710061154/cengage/common/css/components/promos/promos-inset.css" as="style" importance="low"/> <di..." Line: 1557 Column: 5 - 141
"...-> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/webfiles/1596710061154/cengage/common/css/components/promos/promos-inset.css" as="style" importance="low"/> <di..."

Bad value “fetch” for attribute “as” on element “link”.

Line: 138 Column: 1 - 149
"...ad ] ---> <link rel="preload" as="fetch" importance="high" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans:300,400,600,700&display=swap" crossorigin/> <!-- S..."

Attribute “importance” not allowed on element “script” at this point.

Line: 176 Column: 5 - 101
"...ript> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://play.vidyard.com/embed/v4.js" importance="low" async></scri..." Line: 200 Column: 5 - 85
"...t --> <script src="https://cdn.optimizely.com/js/8392411042.js" importance="low" async></scri..." Line: 2677 Column: 1 - 127
"...footer> <script src="/webfiles/1596710061154/cengage/common/js/globHeader.js" importance="high" loading="eager" type="text/javascript"></scri..." Line: 2678 Column: 5 - 110
"...ript> <script type="text/javascript" src="/webfiles/1596710061154/cengage/common/js/footer.js" importance="low"></scri..." Line: 2679 Column: 5 - 108
"...ript> <script type="text/javascript" src="/webfiles/1596710061154/cengage/common/js/main.js" importance="low"></scri..." Line: 2680 Column: 5 - 113
"...ript> <script type="text/javascript" src="/webfiles/1596710061154/cengage/common/js/analytics.js" importance="low"></scri..."

Attribute “ng-controller” not allowed on element “body” at this point.

Line: 207 Column: 1 - 37
"... </head> <body ng-controller="MainController"> <..."

Attribute “loading” not allowed on element “iframe” at this point.

Line: 211 Column: 13 - 95
"... <iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-5ZZ9XQ9" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden" loading="lazy"></ifra..."

Attribute “loading” not allowed on element “img” at this point.

Line: 228 Column: 17 - 55
"... <img src="https://www.cengage.com/binaries/content/gallery/cengage-us-en/svg/logo-cengage.svg" alt="Cengage" loading="eager" importance="high"> ..." Line: 1118 Column: 25 - 26
"... <img src="https://embed.widencdn.net/img/cengage/cawz7rvcsu/1600px@1x/webicon-training-blue3.ai.jpg?q=10" data-lazy-src="https://embed.widencdn.net/img/cengage/cawz7rvcsu/600px@1x/webicon-training-blue3.ai.png?q=100" style="max-width: 130px" alt="Computer icon" loading="lazy" importance="low" /> ..." Line: 1175 Column: 25 - 26
"... <img src="https://embed.widencdn.net/img/cengage/pqtcime6gc/1600px@1x/webicon-megaphone-blue3.ai.jpg?q=10" data-lazy-src="https://embed.widencdn.net/img/cengage/pqtcime6gc/600px@1x/webicon-megaphone-blue3.ai.png?q=80" style="max-width: 130px" alt="Icon of megaphone" loading="lazy" importance="low" /> ..." Line: 1286 Column: 25 - 26
"... <img src="https://embed.widencdn.net/img/cengage/4vnmmtw72t/1600px@1x/webicon-students-fc4c02.ai.jpg?q=10" data-lazy-src="https://embed.widencdn.net/img/cengage/4vnmmtw72t/600px@1x/webicon-students-fc4c02.ai.jpg?q=100" style="max-width: 150px" alt="Icon of students" loading="lazy" importance="low" /> ..." Line: 1341 Column: 25 - 26
"... <img src="https://embed.widencdn.net/img/cengage/elobrm2ojr/1600px@1x/webicon-mindset-fc4c02.ai.jpg?q=10" data-lazy-src="https://embed.widencdn.net/img/cengage/elobrm2ojr/600px@1x/webicon-mindset-fc4c02.ai.png?q=100" style="max-width: 150px" alt="Icon of student and gear" loading="lazy" importance="low" /> ..." Line: 1396 Column: 25 - 26
"... <img src="https://embed.widencdn.net/img/cengage/kylxcsymlw/1600px@1x/webicon-7k-fc4c02.ai.jpg?q=10" data-lazy-src="https://embed.widencdn.net/img/cengage/kylxcsymlw/600px@1x/webicon-7k-fc4c02.ai.png?q=100" style="max-width: 150px" alt="""" loading="lazy" importance="low" /> ..." Line: 1505 Column: 25 - 26
"... <img src="https://embed.widencdn.net/img/cengage/bugtyagv3l/1600px@1x/webpromo-home--212576-student-ambassador.psd.jpg?q=10" data-lazy-src="https://embed.widencdn.net/img/cengage/bugtyagv3l/600px@1x/webpromo-home--212576-student-ambassador.psd.png?q=100" style="max-width: 420px" alt="Image of students in city setting" loading="lazy" importance="low" /> ..."

Attribute “importance” not allowed on element “img” at this point.

Line: 228 Column: 17 - 55
"... <img src="https://www.cengage.com/binaries/content/gallery/cengage-us-en/svg/logo-cengage.svg" alt="Cengage" loading="eager" importance="high"> ..." Line: 1118 Column: 25 - 26
"... <img src="https://embed.widencdn.net/img/cengage/cawz7rvcsu/1600px@1x/webicon-training-blue3.ai.jpg?q=10" data-lazy-src="https://embed.widencdn.net/img/cengage/cawz7rvcsu/600px@1x/webicon-training-blue3.ai.png?q=100" style="max-width: 130px" alt="Computer icon" loading="lazy" importance="low" /> ..." Line: 1175 Column: 25 - 26
"... <img src="https://embed.widencdn.net/img/cengage/pqtcime6gc/1600px@1x/webicon-megaphone-blue3.ai.jpg?q=10" data-lazy-src="https://embed.widencdn.net/img/cengage/pqtcime6gc/600px@1x/webicon-megaphone-blue3.ai.png?q=80" style="max-width: 130px" alt="Icon of megaphone" loading="lazy" importance="low" /> ..." Line: 1286 Column: 25 - 26
"... <img src="https://embed.widencdn.net/img/cengage/4vnmmtw72t/1600px@1x/webicon-students-fc4c02.ai.jpg?q=10" data-lazy-src="https://embed.widencdn.net/img/cengage/4vnmmtw72t/600px@1x/webicon-students-fc4c02.ai.jpg?q=100" style="max-width: 150px" alt="Icon of students" loading="lazy" importance="low" /> ..." Line: 1341 Column: 25 - 26
"... <img src="https://embed.widencdn.net/img/cengage/elobrm2ojr/1600px@1x/webicon-mindset-fc4c02.ai.jpg?q=10" data-lazy-src="https://embed.widencdn.net/img/cengage/elobrm2ojr/600px@1x/webicon-mindset-fc4c02.ai.png?q=100" style="max-width: 150px" alt="Icon of student and gear" loading="lazy" importance="low" /> ..." Line: 1396 Column: 25 - 26
"... <img src="https://embed.widencdn.net/img/cengage/kylxcsymlw/1600px@1x/webicon-7k-fc4c02.ai.jpg?q=10" data-lazy-src="https://embed.widencdn.net/img/cengage/kylxcsymlw/600px@1x/webicon-7k-fc4c02.ai.png?q=100" style="max-width: 150px" alt="""" loading="lazy" importance="low" /> ..." Line: 1505 Column: 25 - 26
"... <img src="https://embed.widencdn.net/img/cengage/bugtyagv3l/1600px@1x/webpromo-home--212576-student-ambassador.psd.jpg?q=10" data-lazy-src="https://embed.widencdn.net/img/cengage/bugtyagv3l/600px@1x/webpromo-home--212576-student-ambassador.psd.png?q=100" style="max-width: 420px" alt="Image of students in city setting" loading="lazy" importance="low" /> ..."

Attribute “cafe-action” not allowed on element “a” at this point.

Line: 242 Column: 15 - 103
"... <li><a class="js-clone-to-mobile" href="http://support.cengage.com" cafe-action="'Support'" >Suppor..." Line: 245 Column: 15 - 108
"... <li><a class="js-clone-to-mobile" href="https://www.cengage.com/contact" cafe-action="'Contact'" >Contac..."

Attribute “search-show” not allowed on element “li” at this point.

Line: 409 Column: 5 - 69
"...Nav"> <li class="ceng-headerUtilityNav_item is-mobileOnly" search-show> ..."

End tag “g” did not match the name of the current open element (“svg”).

Line: 424 Column: 485 - 488
"...1.6"/></g></g></svg>..."

Stray end tag “g”.

Line: 424 Column: 485 - 488
"...1.6"/></g></g></svg>..."

Attribute “base-path” not allowed on element “li” at this point.

Line: 436 Column: 5 - 66
"... <li class="ceng-headerUtilityNav_item js-login" base-path="/"> ..."

Attribute “url-signin-non-empty-cart” not allowed on element “a” at this point.

Line: 437 Column: 13 - 129
"... <a href="/dashboard/#/login?app=cmp" url-signin-non-empty-cart="" class="ceng-headerUtilityNav_itemButton js-signin"> ..."

Attribute “search-init” not allowed on element “div” at this point.

Line: 550 Column: 5 - 47
".../ul> <div class="ceng-headerSearch" search-init> ..." Line: 586 Column: 5 - 75
"...av> <div class="ceng-headerSearch is-mobileOnly" search-init search-mobile> ..."

The “label” element may contain at most one “button”, “input”, “meter”, “output”, “progress”, “select”, or “textarea” descendant.

Line: 559 Column: 17 - 81
"... <button id="headerSubmitSearch" class="ceng-headerSearch_button"> ..." Line: 595 Column: 17 - 87
"... <button id="headerSubmitSearchMobile" class="ceng-headerSearch_button"> ..."

The element “label” must not appear as a descendant of the “button” element.

Line: 560 Column: 21 - 68
"... <label for="headerSubmitSearch" class="sr-only"> ..." Line: 596 Column: 21 - 74
"... <label for="headerSubmitSearchMobile" class="sr-only"> ..."

The element “label” must not appear as a descendant of the “label” element.

Line: 560 Column: 21 - 68
"... <label for="headerSubmitSearch" class="sr-only"> ..." Line: 596 Column: 21 - 74
"... <label for="headerSubmitSearchMobile" class="sr-only"> ..."

The element “label” must not appear as a descendant of the “a” element.

Line: 569 Column: 17 - 39
"... <label class="sr-only">Close ..."

Saw “<?”. Probable cause: Attempt to use an XML processing instruction in HTML. (XML processing instructions are not supported in HTML.)

Line: 571 Column: - 10
"...rue"> <?xml version="1..."

Attribute “search-mobile” not allowed on element “div” at this point.

Line: 586 Column: 5 - 75
"...av> <div class="ceng-headerSearch is-mobileOnly" search-init search-mobile> ..."

Bad value “https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans+Condensed:300,300i,700|Open+Sans:300,400,400i,600,600i,700,700i&display=swap” for attribute “href” on element “link”: Illegal character in query: “|” is not allowed.

Line: 646 Column: 13 - 170
"... <link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans+Condensed:300,300i,700|Open+Sans:300,400,400i,600,600i,700,700i&display=swap" rel="stylesheet"> <div c..."

Element “div” not allowed as child of element “h1” in this context. (Suppressing further errors from this subtree.)

Line: 650 Column: 41 - 45
"..._heading"><div>Resour..."

Element “style” not allowed as child of element “div” in this context. (Suppressing further errors from this subtree.)

Line: 654 Column: 1 - 23
"...v> </div> <style type="text/css"> body ..." Line: 925 Column: 17 - 23
"... <style> ..." Line: 987 Column: 17 - 23
"... <style> ..." Line: 1049 Column: 17 - 23
"... <style> ..." Line: 1588 Column: 17 - 23
"... <style> ..."

Attribute “loading” not allowed on element “link” at this point.

Line: 860 Column: 5 - 158
"... <link rel="stylesheet" href="/webfiles/1596710061154/cengage/common/css/components/heading/heading-inset.css" as="style" importance="low" loading="lazy"/> ..." Line: 1235 Column: 5 - 158
"... <link rel="stylesheet" href="/webfiles/1596710061154/cengage/common/css/components/heading/heading-inset.css" as="style" importance="low" loading="lazy"/> ..." Line: 1454 Column: 5 - 158
"... <link rel="stylesheet" href="/webfiles/1596710061154/cengage/common/css/components/heading/heading-inset.css" as="style" importance="low" loading="lazy"/> ..."

Element “style” not allowed as child of element “main” in this context. (Suppressing further errors from this subtree.)

Line: 862 Column: 5 - 11
"...y"/> <style> ..." Line: 1237 Column: 5 - 11
"...y"/> <style> ..." Line: 1456 Column: 5 - 11
"...y"/> <style> ..."

Stray start tag “head”.

Line: 910 Column: 1 - 8
"... <head /> <body..." Line: 972 Column: 1 - 8
"... <head /> <body..." Line: 1034 Column: 1 - 8
"... <head /> <body..." Line: 1130 Column: 1 - 8
"... <head /> <body..." Line: 1187 Column: 1 - 8
"... <head /> <body..." Line: 1298 Column: 1 - 8
"... <head /> <body..." Line: 1353 Column: 1 - 8
"... <head /> <body..." Line: 1408 Column: 1 - 8
"... <head /> <body..." Line: 1521 Column: 1 - 8
"... <head /> <body..." Line: 1573 Column: 1 - 8
"... <head /> <body..."

Self-closing syntax (“/>”) used on a non-void HTML element. Ignoring the slash and treating as a start tag.

Line: 910 Column: 1 - 8
"... <head /> <body..." Line: 911 Column: 1 - 8
"... <head /> <body /> ..." Line: 972 Column: 1 - 8
"... <head /> <body..." Line: 973 Column: 1 - 8
"... <head /> <body /> ..." Line: 1034 Column: 1 - 8
"... <head /> <body..." Line: 1035 Column: 1 - 8
"... <head /> <body /> ..." Line: 1130 Column: 1 - 8
"... <head /> <body..." Line: 1187 Column: 1 - 8
"... <head /> <body..." Line: 1298 Column: 1 - 8
"... <head /> <body..." Line: 1353 Column: 1 - 8
"... <head /> <body..." Line: 1408 Column: 1 - 8
"... <head /> <body..." Line: 1521 Column: 1 - 8
"... <head /> <body..." Line: 1573 Column: 1 - 8
"... <head /> <body..."

Start tag “body” seen but an element of the same type was already open.

Line: 911 Column: 1 - 8
"... <head /> <body /> ..." Line: 973 Column: 1 - 8
"... <head /> <body /> ..." Line: 1035 Column: 1 - 8
"... <head /> <body /> ..." Line: 1131 Column: 1 - 6
"... <head /> <body><p sty..." Line: 1188 Column: 1 - 6
"... <head /> <body><p sty..." Line: 1299 Column: 1 - 6
"... <head /> <body><h4>Mo..." Line: 1354 Column: 1 - 6
"... <head /> <body><h4>Sh..." Line: 1409 Column: 1 - 6
"... <head /> <body><h4>We..." Line: 1522 Column: 1 - 6
"... <head /> <body><p>As ..." Line: 1574 Column: 1 - 6
"... <head /> <body><h3 st..."

Attribute “ng-if” not allowed on element “div” at this point.

Line: 938 Column: 5 - 86
"...tyle> <div class="ceng-eForms ceng-eForms--modal" ng-if="formModal[''].active" ng-cloak> ..." Line: 1000 Column: 5 - 86
"...tyle> <div class="ceng-eForms ceng-eForms--modal" ng-if="formModal[''].active" ng-cloak> ..." Line: 1062 Column: 5 - 86
"...tyle> <div class="ceng-eForms ceng-eForms--modal" ng-if="formModal[''].active" ng-cloak> ..." Line: 1601 Column: 5 - 86
"...tyle> <div class="ceng-eForms ceng-eForms--modal" ng-if="formModal[''].active" ng-cloak> ..."

Attribute “ng-cloak” not allowed on element “div” at this point.

Line: 938 Column: 5 - 86
"...tyle> <div class="ceng-eForms ceng-eForms--modal" ng-if="formModal[''].active" ng-cloak> ..." Line: 1000 Column: 5 - 86
"...tyle> <div class="ceng-eForms ceng-eForms--modal" ng-if="formModal[''].active" ng-cloak> ..." Line: 1062 Column: 5 - 86
"...tyle> <div class="ceng-eForms ceng-eForms--modal" ng-if="formModal[''].active" ng-cloak> ..." Line: 1601 Column: 5 - 86
"...tyle> <div class="ceng-eForms ceng-eForms--modal" ng-if="formModal[''].active" ng-cloak> ..."

Attribute “ng-click” not allowed on element “button” at this point.

Line: 941 Column: 17 - 150
"... <button type="button" class="ceng-eForms_modalClose close" aria-label="Close" ng-click="formModal[''].active = !formModal[''].active"> ..." Line: 1003 Column: 17 - 150
"... <button type="button" class="ceng-eForms_modalClose close" aria-label="Close" ng-click="formModal[''].active = !formModal[''].active"> ..." Line: 1065 Column: 17 - 150
"... <button type="button" class="ceng-eForms_modalClose close" aria-label="Close" ng-click="formModal[''].active = !formModal[''].active"> ..." Line: 1604 Column: 17 - 150
"... <button type="button" class="ceng-eForms_modalClose close" aria-label="Close" ng-click="formModal[''].active = !formModal[''].active"> ..."

Bad value “100%” for attribute “width” on element “iframe”: Expected a digit but saw “%” instead.

Line: 947 Column: 25 - 122
"... <iframe data-ng-src="{{formModal[''].src}}" width="100%" height="400px;" allowTransparency="true"></ifra..." Line: 1009 Column: 25 - 122
"... <iframe data-ng-src="{{formModal[''].src}}" width="100%" height="400px;" allowTransparency="true"></ifra..." Line: 1071 Column: 25 - 122
"... <iframe data-ng-src="{{formModal[''].src}}" width="100%" height="400px;" allowTransparency="true"></ifra..." Line: 1610 Column: 25 - 122
"... <iframe data-ng-src="{{formModal[''].src}}" width="100%" height="400px;" allowTransparency="true"></ifra..."

Bad value “400px;” for attribute “height” on element “iframe”: Expected a digit but saw “p” instead.

Line: 947 Column: 25 - 122
"... <iframe data-ng-src="{{formModal[''].src}}" width="100%" height="400px;" allowTransparency="true"></ifra..." Line: 1009 Column: 25 - 122
"... <iframe data-ng-src="{{formModal[''].src}}" width="100%" height="400px;" allowTransparency="true"></ifra..." Line: 1071 Column: 25 - 122
"... <iframe data-ng-src="{{formModal[''].src}}" width="100%" height="400px;" allowTransparency="true"></ifra..." Line: 1610 Column: 25 - 122
"... <iframe data-ng-src="{{formModal[''].src}}" width="100%" height="400px;" allowTransparency="true"></ifra..."

The “allowtransparency” attribute on the “iframe” element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.

Line: 947 Column: 25 - 122
"... <iframe data-ng-src="{{formModal[''].src}}" width="100%" height="400px;" allowTransparency="true"></ifra..." Line: 1009 Column: 25 - 122
"... <iframe data-ng-src="{{formModal[''].src}}" width="100%" height="400px;" allowTransparency="true"></ifra..." Line: 1071 Column: 25 - 122
"... <iframe data-ng-src="{{formModal[''].src}}" width="100%" height="400px;" allowTransparency="true"></ifra..." Line: 1610 Column: 25 - 122
"... <iframe data-ng-src="{{formModal[''].src}}" width="100%" height="400px;" allowTransparency="true"></ifra..."

End tag for “body” seen, but there were unclosed elements.

Line: 1135 Column: 109 - 115
"... away.</p></body> ..." Line: 1192 Column: 106 - 112
"...labus.</p></body> ..." Line: 1301 Column: 86 - 92
"...ccess.</p></body> ..." Line: 1356 Column: 82 - 88
"...dents.</p></body> ..." Line: 1411 Column: 89 - 95
"...untry.</p></body> ..." Line: 1522 Column: 138 - 144
"...esume.</p></body> ..." Line: 1577 Column: 96 - 102
"...›</a></h4></body> ..."

Unclosed element “div”.

Line: 1128 Column: 17 - 53
"... <div class="ceng-promos_description"> ..." Line: 1125 Column: 3 - 66
"...00px"> <div class="ceng-promos_contentBody" style="text-align:center;"> ..." Line: 1123 Column: 13 - 75
"... <div class="ceng-promos_contentInner" style="max-width: 400px"> <d..." Line: 1122 Column: 2 - 68
"... </div> <div class="ceng-promos_content" style='background-color:#f1efef;'> ..." Line: 1101 Column: 5 - 35
"...ner"> <div class="ceng-promos_promo"> ..." Line: 1100 Column: 3 - 33
"...></div> <div class="ceng-promos_inner"> <..." Line: 1098 Column: 2 - 234
"..."low"/> <div id="91daa290-80e0-466a-ae76-a112158d1da5" class="ceng-promos ceng-promos--corporate ceng-promos--imageTop ceng-promos--maxPerRow2 ceng-promos--inset ceng-promos--textCenter" style="background-color:#f1efef;padding-bottom:18px;"> <..." Line: 1185 Column: 17 - 53
"... <div class="ceng-promos_description"> ..." Line: 1182 Column: 3 - 66
"...00px"> <div class="ceng-promos_contentBody" style="text-align:center;"> ..." Line: 1180 Column: 13 - 75
"... <div class="ceng-promos_contentInner" style="max-width: 400px"> <d..." Line: 1179 Column: 2 - 68
"... </div> <div class="ceng-promos_content" style='background-color:#f1efef;'> ..." Line: 1158 Column: 5 - 35
".../div> <div class="ceng-promos_promo"> ..." Line: 1296 Column: 17 - 53
"... <div class="ceng-promos_description"> ..." Line: 1293 Column: 3 - 64
"...40px"> <div class="ceng-promos_contentBody" style="text-align:left;"> ..." Line: 1291 Column: 13 - 75
"... <div class="ceng-promos_contentInner" style="max-width: 340px"> <d..." Line: 1290 Column: 2 - 68
"... </div> <div class="ceng-promos_content" style='background-color:#ffffff;'> ..." Line: 1269 Column: 5 - 35
"...ner"> <div class="ceng-promos_promo"> ..." Line: 1268 Column: 3 - 33
"...></div> <div class="ceng-promos_inner"> <..." Line: 1266 Column: 2 - 234
"..."low"/> <div id="a49949dc-a60c-4a4b-94c8-89d0a83bde78" class="ceng-promos ceng-promos--corporate ceng-promos--imageTop ceng-promos--maxPerRow3 ceng-promos--inset ceng-promos--textCenter" style="background-color:#ffffff;padding-bottom:24px;"> <..." Line: 1351 Column: 17 - 53
"... <div class="ceng-promos_description"> ..." Line: 1348 Column: 3 - 64
"...40px"> <div class="ceng-promos_contentBody" style="text-align:left;"> ..." Line: 1346 Column: 13 - 75
"... <div class="ceng-promos_contentInner" style="max-width: 340px"> <d..." Line: 1345 Column: 2 - 68
"... </div> <div class="ceng-promos_content" style='background-color:#ffffff;'> ..." Line: 1324 Column: 5 - 35
".../div> <div class="ceng-promos_promo"> ..." Line: 1406 Column: 17 - 53
"... <div class="ceng-promos_description"> ..." Line: 1403 Column: 3 - 64
"...40px"> <div class="ceng-promos_contentBody" style="text-align:left;"> ..." Line: 1401 Column: 13 - 75
"... <div class="ceng-promos_contentInner" style="max-width: 340px"> <d..." Line: 1400 Column: 2 - 68
"... </div> <div class="ceng-promos_content" style='background-color:#ffffff;'> ..." Line: 1379 Column: 5 - 35
".../div> <div class="ceng-promos_promo"> ..." Line: 1519 Column: 17 - 53
"... <div class="ceng-promos_description"> ..." Line: 1512 Column: 3 - 66
"...20px"> <div class="ceng-promos_contentBody" style="text-align:center;"> ..." Line: 1510 Column: 13 - 75
"... <div class="ceng-promos_contentInner" style="max-width: 420px"> <d..." Line: 1509 Column: 2 - 68
"... </div> <div class="ceng-promos_content" style='background-color:#d6f1fc;'> ..." Line: 1488 Column: 5 - 35
"...ner"> <div class="ceng-promos_promo"> ..." Line: 1487 Column: 3 - 33
"...></div> <div class="ceng-promos_inner"> <..." Line: 1485 Column: 2 - 234
"..."low"/> <div id="20fa504d-b736-4863-a0e7-bdfbd0fe80cb" class="ceng-promos ceng-promos--corporate ceng-promos--imageTop ceng-promos--maxPerRow1 ceng-promos--inset ceng-promos--textCenter" style="background-color:#d6f1fc;padding-bottom:24px;"> <..." Line: 1571 Column: 17 - 53
"... <div class="ceng-promos_description"> ..." Line: 1568 Column: 3 - 66
"...FFF;'> <div class="ceng-promos_contentBody" style="text-align:center;"> ..." Line: 1566 Column: 2 - 82
"...omo"> <div class="ceng-promos_content" style='background-color:#006298;color:#FFFFFF;'> <d..." Line: 1562 Column: 5 - 35
"...ner"> <div class="ceng-promos_promo"> <..." Line: 1561 Column: 3 - 33
"...></div> <div class="ceng-promos_inner"> <..." Line: 1559 Column: 2 - 214
"..."low"/> <div id="536c658d-daeb-4346-9f32-c796b961efef" class="ceng-promos ceng-promos--corporate ceng-promos--imageTop ceng-promos--maxPerRow1 ceng-promos--inset ceng-promos--textCenter" style="background-color:#006298;"> <..."

Unclosed element “main”.

Line: 608 Column: 5 - 75
"...ader> <main role="main" class="ceng-pageContents ceng-pageContents--default"> ..."

Saw an end tag after “body” had been closed.

Line: 1136 Column: 17 - 22
"... </div> ..." Line: 1193 Column: 17 - 22
"... </div> ..." Line: 1302 Column: 17 - 22
"... </div> ..." Line: 1357 Column: 17 - 22
"... </div> ..." Line: 1412 Column: 17 - 22
"... </div> ..." Line: 1523 Column: 17 - 22
"... </div> ..." Line: 1578 Column: 17 - 22
"... </div> ..."

Attribute “ng-click” not allowed on element “a” at this point.

Line: 1147 Column: 5 - 9
"... <a href="https://www.cengage.com/training?filterBy=Higher-Education" ng-click=" menuOpen=false" data-type="link" data-group="Generic Link" class="track_cta_tertiary" >VISIT ..." Line: 1204 Column: 5 - 31
"... <a href="https://www.cengage.com/unlimited/instructor/syllabus-kit/" ng-click=" menuOpen=false" data-type="link" data-group="Generic Link" class="track_cta_tertiary" data-internal="other">CENGAG..." Line: 1313 Column: 5 - 31
"... <a href="https://event.on24.com/eventRegistration/EventLobbyServlet?target=reg20.jsp&partnerref=ESE&eventid=1608411&sessionid=1&key=6D4846F00BB48FA07954E17BD97912DA&regTag=&sourcepage=register" ng-click=" menuOpen=false" data-type="link" data-group="Generic Link" target="_blank" class="track_cta_tertiary" data-internal="video">WATCH ..." Line: 1368 Column: 5 - 35
"... <a href="https://todayslearner.cengage.com/infographic-fixed-vs-growth-a-mindset-for-student-achievement/" ng-click=" menuOpen=false" data-type="link" data-group="Generic Link" class="track_cta_tertiary" data-internal="blog post">LEARN ..." Line: 1423 Column: 5 - 9
"... <a href="https://www.cengage.com/results/mindtap-effect" ng-click=" menuOpen=false" data-type="link" data-group="Generic Link" class="track_cta_tertiary" >READ T..." Line: 1534 Column: 5 - 54
"... <a href="https://www.cengage.com/student-ambassador?filterBy=Student" ng-click=" menuOpen=false" data-type="link" data-group="Generic Link" class="track_cta_tertiary" data-page-title="Become a Student Ambassador" >LEARN ..."

No space between attributes.

Line: 1393 Column: - 36
"... alt="""" ..."

Saw “"” when expecting an attribute name. Probable cause: “=” missing immediately before.

Line: 1393 Column: - 36
"... alt="""" ..."

Quote “"” in attribute name. Probable cause: Matching quote missing somewhere earlier.

Line: 1393 Column: - 37
"... alt="""" ..."

Attribute “""” not allowed on element “img” at this point.

Line: 1396 Column: 25 - 26
"... <img src="https://embed.widencdn.net/img/cengage/kylxcsymlw/1600px@1x/webicon-7k-fc4c02.ai.jpg?q=10" data-lazy-src="https://embed.widencdn.net/img/cengage/kylxcsymlw/600px@1x/webicon-7k-fc4c02.ai.png?q=100" style="max-width: 150px" alt="""" loading="lazy" importance="low" /> ..."

Attribute “default” not allowed on element “option” at this point.

Line: 1656 Column: 29 - 44
"... <option default>USA</o..."

The element “header” must not appear as a descendant of the “footer” element.

Line: 2010 Column: 9 - 16
"...> <header> ..."

Attribute “loading” not allowed on element “script” at this point.

Line: 2677 Column: 1 - 127
"...footer> <script src="/webfiles/1596710061154/cengage/common/js/globHeader.js" importance="high" loading="eager" type="text/javascript"></scri..."

Warnings

The document is not mappable to XML 1.0 due to two consecutive hyphens in a comment.

Line: 38 Column: - 57
"...ase-layout ] ---> <!--- [ DNS ..." Line: 39 Column: - 39
"...Preconnect ] ---> <link href="..." Line: 128 Column: - 45
"...Preconnect ] ---> <!--- [ E..." Line: 128 Column: - 108
"...base-layout] ---> <!-- [ ..." Line: 136 Column: - 44
"...ase-layout ] ---> <!--- [ Font..." Line: 137 Column: - 26
"...nt Preload ] ---> <link rel="p..." Line: 151 Column: - 61
"...nt Preload ] ---> <!-- [ ..."

The “type” attribute is unnecessary for JavaScript resources.

Line: 173 Column: 5 - 103
"...w" /> <script type="text/javascript" src="/webfiles/1596710061154/cengage/common/js/modernizr-custom.js"></scri..." Line: 174 Column: 5 - 93
"...ript> <script type="text/javascript" src="/webfiles/1596710061154/cengage/common/js/shared.js"></scri..." Line: 175 Column: 5 - 91
"...ript> <script type="text/javascript" src="/webfiles/1596710061154/cengage/common/js/init.js"></scri..." Line: 176 Column: 5 - 101
"...ript> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://play.vidyard.com/embed/v4.js" importance="low" async></scri..." Line: 2677 Column: 1 - 127
"...footer> <script src="/webfiles/1596710061154/cengage/common/js/globHeader.js" importance="high" loading="eager" type="text/javascript"></scri..." Line: 2678 Column: 5 - 110
"...ript> <script type="text/javascript" src="/webfiles/1596710061154/cengage/common/js/footer.js" importance="low"></scri..." Line: 2679 Column: 5 - 108
"...ript> <script type="text/javascript" src="/webfiles/1596710061154/cengage/common/js/main.js" importance="low"></scri..." Line: 2680 Column: 5 - 113
"...ript> <script type="text/javascript" src="/webfiles/1596710061154/cengage/common/js/analytics.js" importance="low"></scri..."

The “navigation” role is unnecessary for element “nav”.

Line: 252 Column: 1 - 99
".../div> <nav class="ceng-headerNavMain_training js-training-cookie" role="navigation" aria-label="Primary"> ..."

“label” element with multiple labelable descendants.

Line: 553 Column: 13 - 55
"... <label class="ceng-headerSearch_searchBox"> ..." Line: 589 Column: 13 - 55
"... <label class="ceng-headerSearch_searchBox"> ..."

The “main” role is unnecessary for element “main”.

Line: 608 Column: 5 - 75
"...ader> <main role="main" class="ceng-pageContents ceng-pageContents--default"> ..."

The “type” attribute for the “style” element is not needed and should be omitted.

Line: 654 Column: 1 - 23
"...v> </div> <style type="text/css"> body ..."

Attribute “""” is not serializable as XML 1.0.

Line: 1396 Column: 25 - 26
"... <img src="https://embed.widencdn.net/img/cengage/kylxcsymlw/1600px@1x/webicon-7k-fc4c02.ai.jpg?q=10" data-lazy-src="https://embed.widencdn.net/img/cengage/kylxcsymlw/600px@1x/webicon-7k-fc4c02.ai.png?q=100" style="max-width: 150px" alt="""" loading="lazy" importance="low" /> ..."

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cengage.com Ping

Ping is a computer network administration software utility used to test the reachability of a host on an Internet Protocol (IP) network. It measures the round-trip time for messages sent from the originating host to a destination computer that are echoed back to the source.

cengage.com TRACEROUTE

Traceroute is a computer network diagnostic tool for displaying the route (path) and measuring transit delays of packets across an Internet Protocol (IP) network. The history of the route is recorded as the round-trip times of the packets received from each successive host (remote node) in the route (path); the sum of the mean times in each hop is a measure of the total time spent to establish the connection. Traceroute proceeds unless all (three) sent packets are lost more than twice, then the connection is lost and the route cannot be evaluated.